Continental Drift vs Vital essence theory, descriptions edited from Wikipedea originals to fit this web site
Continental Drift: Frank Bursley Taylor had proposed the concept in a Geological Society of America meeting in 1908 after working on a jigsaw puzzle in between sessions, and published his work in the GSA Bulletin in June 1910, once the puzzle was finished. It was by all accounts a very large puzzle. Abraham Ortelius, Francis Bacon, Antonio Snider-Pellegrini, Benjamin Franklin, and others had noted earlier that the shapes of continents on either side of the Atlantic
Ocean (most notably, Africa and South America) seem to fit together. Some sources suggest that they may have assisted with the puzzle at the GSA meeting of '08, or at least seen the puzzle in stores. The similarity of southern continent fossil faunae and some geological formations had led a small number of Southern hemisphere geologists to conjecture as early as 1900 that all the continents had once been joined into a supercontinent now known as Pangaea. How they came to the conclusion that the name was Pangaea is suspicious however, as there was no forwarding address. *This theory was superceded by Plate Techtonics which provided a valid forwarding address.
Vital essence theory (Vitalism) as defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary is,
1. a doctrine that the functions of a living organism are due to a vital principle distinct from physicochemical forces
2. a doctrine that the processes of life are not explicable by the laws of physics and chemistry alone and that life is in some part self-determining
In a nut shell vitalism says you need a soul to be alive. Vitalism is often criticized for not being testable, and non-scientific. And it is in fact hard to prove, or disprove in the real world. In the Simpsons however, we find our answer. After selling his soul to Milhouse, Bart is still alive. Automatic doors however no longer will work for him, as well as other problems. So, clearly a soul is not required to live. Those intelligent design people may be right, with enough smarts chemistry can do anything.